What is the term for a female bovine?

The term for a female bovine is "cow." In the context of livestock terminology, a cow specifically refers to an adult female that has had at least one calf. This term is widely used in agriculture to distinguish mature females in the cattle industry.

To further clarify the other terms: a heifer is a young female bovine that has not yet had a calf. This term is often used for heifers from birth until they have their first offspring. A calf refers to a very young bovine, either male or female, usually under one year of age. Lastly, an ewe pertains specifically to female sheep, which is unrelated to bovine terminology. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for anyone involved in animal husbandry or agriculture, as it aids in proper classification and management of livestock.