What is a common characteristic of microorganisms?

Microorganisms, which include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, possess the ability to carry out all essential life processes, such as metabolism, reproduction, and response to stimuli. This characteristic is fundamental to their classification as living organisms.

For instance, bacteria can reproduce by binary fission, utilize nutrients for energy, and undergo metabolic processes to maintain their physiological functions. This capability allows them to thrive in various environments, demonstrating their adaptability and role in ecosystems. The assertion that microorganisms can carry out life processes underlines their significance in biological research, medicine, and environmental science.

The incorrect alternatives highlight common misconceptions. The idea that microorganisms are always harmful neglects the beneficial roles that many play, such as in human digestion and nutrient cycling. The claim that they are all visible to the naked eye overlooks the many types that are microscopic and cannot be seen without a microscope. Lastly, the notion that they exist only in water is false, as many microorganisms can be found in diverse habitats, including soil, air, and inside living organisms.